四个地区

四个构成国:相同之处与不同之处

英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰在护照上属于同一个国家,但医疗服务、公共假日、标识、纸币和部分法律各有不同。以下每一点均注明来源。

事实信息最近核实于2026年10月25日。Britlens 保持独立:请参阅我们的编辑政策。

Blue and white saltire sign reading Welcome to Scotland, Fàilte gu Alba, at the border
Photo: DeFacto, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

相同之处

The UK has one entry system: see entry requirements. Emergency calls also work the same way everywhere. 999 is the UK's emergency number and 112 reaches the same service; GOV.UK says calls to 999 and to the police non-emergency number 101 are free.2,3,4

不同之处在于各项服务由谁管理。苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰设有权力下放的政府,而英格兰没有自己的权力下放立法机构或政府,由Westminster统一管理。1 对游客而言,实际影响主要体现在医疗、公共假日和少数法律上,详见下文。

医疗服务

The NHS pages for visitors are written for England and say that rules may differ in Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland.5 For the detail see health and safety. For urgent advice that is not an emergency, the nation matters:

按各地区划分的紧急健康建议,依官方网站说明
国家官方网站怎么说
英格兰NHS 111 is for urgent medical help or advice that is not life-threatening, or if you are unsure which service you need. 999 is for life-threatening emergencies.5
苏格兰NHS 24 says to phone 111 for free if you think you need A&E but it is not life or limb threatening, or if your GP practice, pharmacy or dental practice is closed.6
威尔士NHS 111 Wales offers a symptom checker and out-of-hours guidance, and says a pharmacy is the best place to start for a common ailment. The page we read gave no phone number; use the site.7
北爱尔兰nidirect says visitors will not pay for treatment in an emergency department, and that other treatment may be charged. We did not find an NHS 111 equivalent on the pages we read, so use nidirect and 999 for emergencies.8

各地区公共假日

GOV.UK publishes separate bank holiday lists for England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Some days, such as Christmas Day, are shared. Others apply to one nation only.9 Dates below come from the same data (our copy in src/data/bank-holidays.json), from Sun, 25 Oct 2026 to Fri, 31 Dec 2027. Confirm on GOV.UK before you plan around a date.

  • 这段时期内,苏格兰有英格兰和威尔士没有的假日:St Andrew’s Day, 2nd January。
  • 北爱尔兰在此期间设有英格兰和威尔士没有的节日:St Patrick’s Day、Battle of the Boyne(Orangemen’s Day)。

GOV.UK's page does not say which shops, attractions or transport services open on bank holidays. Check each venue.9

英格兰与威尔士

英格兰和威尔士的公共假日
日期假日
周五,2026年12月25日圣诞节
周一,2026年12月28日节礼日(补假日)
周五,2027年1月1日元旦
周五,2027年3月26日Good Friday
周一,2027年3月29日复活节星期一
周一,2027年5月3日Early May bank holiday
周一,2027年5月31日Spring bank holiday
周一,2027年8月30日Summer bank holiday
周一,2027年12月27日圣诞节(补休日)
周二,2027年12月28日节礼日(补假日)

苏格兰

苏格兰的公共假期
日期假日
周一,2026年11月30日St Andrew’s Day
周五,2026年12月25日圣诞节
周一,2026年12月28日节礼日(补假日)
周五,2027年1月1日元旦
周一,2027年1月4日1月2日(补休日)
周五,2027年3月26日Good Friday
周一,2027年5月3日Early May bank holiday
周一,2027年5月31日Spring bank holiday
周一,2027年8月2日Summer bank holiday
周二,2027年11月30日St Andrew’s Day
周一,2027年12月27日圣诞节(补休日)
周二,2027年12月28日节礼日(补假日)

北爱尔兰

Northern Ireland的公共假期
日期假日
周五,2026年12月25日圣诞节
周一,2026年12月28日节礼日(补假日)
周五,2027年1月1日元旦
周三,2027年3月17日圣帕特里克节
周五,2027年3月26日Good Friday
周一,2027年3月29日复活节星期一
周一,2027年5月3日Early May bank holiday
周一,2027年5月31日Spring bank holiday
周一,2027年7月12日博因河战役(Orangemen’s Day)
周一,2027年8月30日Summer bank holiday
周一,2027年12月27日圣诞节(补休日)
周二,2027年12月28日节礼日(补假日)
View from Snowdon along the Crib Goch ridge to lakes in the valleys below
Photo: SteveCymro, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

标识上的语言

  • Wales: road signs in Wales are in Welsh and English, and since 2016 new signs show Welsh first.10
  • Scotland: bilingual signs are being introduced in Gaelic-speaking regions of the Highlands and Islands, and some direction signs on the Outer Hebrides are in Gaelic only. Scotland's Scottish Languages Act 2025 names Gaelic and Scots as official languages alongside English.11
  • Northern Ireland: many councils use Irish alongside English, and some also use Ulster Scots. Irish signs are contested in some communities.12

酒后驾车

GOV.UK says the drink-drive limits in Scotland are different from the rest of the UK. As the page gives them, the breath limit is 35 microgrammes per 100 ml in England, Wales and Northern Ireland and 22 in Scotland; the blood limit is 80 mg per 100 ml, and 50 in Scotland.13 The only safe approach if you are driving is not to drink.

On buying alcohol, GOV.UK says that under 18s may not buy it, with rules for 16 and 17 year olds who are accompanied at a meal. The page names no differences between the nations.14

纸币

Only the Bank of England issues banknotes in England and Wales. In Scotland and Northern Ireland, six banks (three in each) can also issue their own, and by law must hold assets at least equal to the value of the notes they have in circulation.15

Wikipedia says Scottish and Northern Irish notes are not legal tender anywhere, are usually accepted elsewhere in the UK, and are sometimes refused by retailers who are unfamiliar with them.16 We could not read a UK Finance page on this (the address we tried returned 404), and the Bank of England page does not address acceptance. If you are heading to England with Scottish or Northern Irish notes, spend them before you go or ask before you hand one over, and pay by card if a shop declines.

Visitors on the basalt columns of the Giant’s Causeway beside the sea
Photo: Adam Bishop, CC BY-SA 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

海关与现金

Customs allowances depend on whether you arrive in Great Britain or Northern Ireland.17 The cash declaration threshold is also different in Northern Ireland, and only arrivals from Great Britain into Northern Ireland need a declaration.18 Details are on our entry requirements page.

交通

  • Great Britain: National Rail calls itself the official source for trains in Great Britain, with a journey planner and live departures.19 Our getting between regions page links journeys we could source.
  • Wales: Transport for Wales sells train tickets and lists bus information.20
  • Scotland: ScotRail's website refused automated access, so we have not read it and state nothing from it. Check it for Scottish rail services: scotrail.co.uk (opens in new tab).22
  • Northern Ireland: Translink's site is titled Bus and Train NI.21 Check it for timetables.
  • 伦敦:Oyster和非接触式支付请参阅我们的交通指南。

按国家划分的指南

These are the destinations we have built so far. Large parts of each nation have no Britlens guide yet: see what we cover and what comes next.

英格兰

苏格兰

威尔士

北爱尔兰

另请参阅:首次访问英国、出行必备、入境要求和健康与安全。本页信息查阅于2026年10月25日。

信息来源

获取于2026年10月25日。规则、收费和联系方式可能变动,使用前请核对来源。维基百科页面仅作背景阅读,并已作相应标注。

  1. Devolution in the United Kingdom(在新标签页中打开), Wikipedia.
  2. 999(紧急电话号码)(在新标签页打开),Wikipedia。
  3. 999 and 112: the UK’s national emergency numbers (opens in new tab), GOV.UK (DSIT).
  4. Contact the police (opens in new tab), GOV.UK.
  5. 境外访客如何在英格兰使用NHS服务(在新标签页打开),NHS。
  6. NHS 24(苏格兰)(在新标签页打开),NHS 24。
  7. NHS 111 Wales(在新标签页打开),NHS Wales。
  8. 北爱尔兰访客医疗服务(在新标签页打开),nidirect。
  9. 英国公共假日(在新标签页中打开),GOV.UK。
  10. 威尔士语(在新标签页中打开),Wikipedia.
  11. 苏格兰盖尔语(在新标签页中打开),Wikipedia.
  12. Irish language in Northern Ireland(在新标签页中打开), Wikipedia.
  13. 酒驾限值(在新标签页中打开),GOV.UK。
  14. 酒精与年轻人:相关法律(在新标签页中打开),GOV.UK。
  15. 苏格兰和北爱尔兰的纸币(在新标签页中打开),Bank of England。
  16. Banknotes of the pound sterling(在新标签页中打开), Wikipedia.
  17. 携带个人自用物品入境英国(在新标签页打开),GOV.UK。
  18. 携带现金出入英国(在新标签页打开),GOV.UK。
  19. National Rail(在新标签页中打开),National Rail。
  20. Transport for Wales(在新标签页打开),Transport for Wales.
  21. ScotRail(在新标签页中打开),ScotRail。未读取:该网站拒绝自动访问(HTTP 403),因此我们只提供链接,不引用其中任何内容。